Lord of the Flies Summary

William Golding’s 1954 novel Lord of the Flies tells the story of a group of young boys who find themselves alone on a deserted island. They develop rules and a system of organization, but without any adults to serve as a civilizing impulse, the children eventually become violent and brutal. In the context of the novel, the tale of the boys descent into chaos suggests that human nature is fundamentally savage. Chapters 1-3 The novel opens with a young boy named Ralph and a chubby, glasses-wearing boy as they walk onto a lagoon wearing their school uniforms. We soon learn that they are part of a group of boys who were evacuated during the war and who survived the plane crash that followed what they suspect was an enemy attack. As Ralph and the other boy that there are no adults around, they decide they must attract the attention of any other surviving children. Ralph locates a conch shell and begins to blow into it, summoning the other boys with the noise. The chubby boy reveals that the other children used to call him Piggy. Ralph believes rescue is imminent, but Piggy argues that they must get organized because they may be stranded for some time. The other boys choose Ralph to be their leader, although the choice is not unanimous; the choir boys, led by Jack Merridew, do not vote for Ralph. Ralph gives them permission to form a hunting group. Ralph quickly establishes a rough form of government and order, exhorting the boys to enjoy their freedom, work together for their mutual survival, and maintain a smoke signal on the beach to attract any potential rescuers. The boys in turn agree that anyone holding the conch gets to speak without interruption. Ralph, Jack, and a boy named Simon are the popular leaders and begin a tense partnership. They explore the island and confirm it is deserted, but locate fruit trees and a herd of wild pigs that Jack decides he and his friends will hunt. The boys use Piggy’s glasses to spark a fire, but Piggy quickly finds himself an outcast despite his friendship with Ralph. Simon begins overseeing the construction of shelters, concerned for the younger boys—referred to as ‛littluns.’ Chapters 4-7 The initial burst of organization doesn’t last long, however. Without adults, most of the boys refuse to do any sort of work and instead spend their time playing and sleeping. At night, rumors of a terrible monster in the trees sparks a panic. Ralph insists monsters do not exist, but Jack says otherwise. He claims that his hunters will find and kill the monster, which boosts his popularity. Jack gathers a group of boys for a hunting expedition, which takes them away from the job of maintaining the signal fire. The fire goes out. Shortly after, a boat moves past the island, but does not spot the boys thanks to the lack of fire. When Jack and the other hunters return in triumph with a pig, Ralph confronts Jack, complaining that they missed their chance at rescue. Jack, angry at his moment being ruined, knows he cannot fight Ralph, and so beats up Piggy, breaking his glasses. As the boys cook and eat the pig ravenously—ignoring warnings about eating undercooked pork—Ralph tells Piggy he wants to stop being the leader, but Piggy convinces him to stay on. Piggy is terrified at what might happen if Jack took over completely. One evening, there is a dogfight between planes near the island, and a fighter pilot ejects. Killed in the air, his body floats down to the island and becomes entangled in the trees. A boy sees his corpse and parachute and is terrified, convinced that he has seen the monster. Jack, Ralph, and a boy named Roger head off to hunt the monster, and all three boys see the corpse and run in terror. Chapters 8-12 Now convinced that the monster is real, Ralph calls a meeting. Jack attempts a coup, but the boys refuse to vote Ralph down, and Jack leaves in a anger, saying he will start his own tribe. Roger sneaks away to join him. More and more boys begin to sneak away to join Jack’s tribe, lured by the roast pigs that Jack and his hunters are able to provide. Jack and his followers begin to paint their faces, and behave in an increasingly savage and primitive manner while Ralph, Piggy, and Simon try to maintain a semblance of order at the shelters. Simon, who sometimes suffers mental attacks, goes off into the woods frequently to be alone. Hiding, he observes Jack and his tribe perform a ritual designed to satisfy the monster—they impale a pig’s head on a sharpened stick and leave it as a sacrifice. It quickly becomes swarmed with flies, and Simon hallucinates a dialog with it, referring to it as the Lord of the Flies. The Pig’s Head tells Simon he is foolish to imagine the monster is a flesh-and-blood thing; it is the boys themselves who are the monster. The Lord of the Flies then tells Simon that the other boys will kill him, because he is the soul of man. As Simon walks away, he comes across the dead pilot and realizes that he has found proof that the monster does not exist. He runs back to the other boys, who have begun to dance in a crazed ritual. When Simon begins crashing through the trees, the boys believe he is the monster, and all the boys—including Ralph and Piggy—attack him in terror, killing him. Meanwhile, Jack has realized that while the conch is a symbol of power, the true power lies in Piggy’s glasses, which is the groups only means of starting a fire. Jack has the support of most of the boys, so he conducts a raid on Ralph and his remaining allies in order to steal Piggys glasses. Ralph goes to their home on the other side of the island, a rock formation known as Castle Rock. He takes the conch and is accompanied by Piggy and just two other boys, twins named Sam and Eric. He demands that Jack return the glasses. Jack’s tribe ties up Sam and Eric, and Ralph and Jack engage in a fight. Piggy, alarmed, takes the conch and attempts to address the boys, pleading for order. Roger sneaks up above Piggy and drops a heavy rock on him, killing the boy and destroying the conch. Ralph flees, leaving Sam and Eric behind. Jack hurts the twins until they agree to join his tribe. Jack orders the hunters to go after Ralph, who is told by Sam and Eric that they intend to kill him and impale his head on a stick. Ralph flees into the woods, but Jack sets fire to the trees to drive him out. As the flames begin to consume the whole island, Ralph desperately runs. Hitting the beach, Ralph trips and falls, only to find himself at the feet of a British naval officer. A ship spotted the flames and came to investigate. All of the children, including Ralph and Jack, suddenly begin to cry, collapsing in exhausted grief. The officer is stunned and expresses disappointment that good British boys would fall into such a state of misbehavior and savagery. Then he turns and studies his own warship contemplatively.

Essay on Digital Crime and Digital Terrorism - 1853 Words

Digital Crime and Digital Terrorism are crimes that are of high relevance to the roles and responses of law enforcement that involve offenses committed by way of, and aid of computers and other technology advanced devices that includes but is not limited to: identify theft, fraud, computer hackers, inside and outside espionage, white collar crimes, and virus and malicious code writers; in conjunction with digital terrorism in terms of concepts of information warfare and cyber terrorism. All of these crimes are of heightened relevance that requires the immediate assistance of law enforcement personnel of local, state, and federal agencies because of anonymity and how quickly these crimes can occur. â€Å"Digital crime involves computers as†¦show more content†¦The Department of Justice has increased efforts to respond to the legal threats postured by cybercriminals. As stated by Taylor, â€Å"The Criminal Division Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section (CCIPS) is primarily responsible for prosecuting violations of the Federal Code by Title 18-Section 1030, of the Computer Fraud Abuse Act. The scope of DOJ jurisdiction in these types of crimes has expanded with the enactment of the National Information and Infrastructure Protection Act of 1996. Currently this division employs attorneys who focus exclusively on legal issues raised by computer and intellectual property crimes.† (Taylor, 2011) Although cyber adversaries’ capabilities are at an all-time high, fighting this challenge is a top priority of the FBI and the entire government. Teams, units, and divisions are being created in law enforcement agencies to educate, train, and successfully apprehend criminals who are subjective to committing digital and terroristic crimes. As noted by Snow, â€Å"The FBI’s statutory authority, expertise, and ability to combine resources across multiple programs make it uniquely situated to investigate, collect, and disseminate intelligence about and counter cyber threats from criminals, nation-states, and terrorists. The FBI is a substantial component of the Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative (CNCI), the interagency strategy to protect our digital infrastructure as a national security priority. ThroughShow MoreRelatedDigital Crime and Terrorism Case Study Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesDigital crime and terrorism is one of the remaining challenges that law enforcement must address to guarantee greater global security and harmony. Law enforcement agencies therefore need better means through which they can forecast the past, present and future aspects of digital crimes so that they can be well equipped to restrict the actions of those who perpetrate such crimes. 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The Argument Against Same-Sex Marriage Free Essays

The notion that for every wrong done there should be penalty to a similar degree is known to people since time immemorial. There was a time when a state did not consider personal injuries to be crimes against society and it was only a matter between two families. At present such matter is taken over by the state and is immensely considered to be criminal behaviour. We will write a custom essay sample on The Argument Against Same-Sex Marriage or any similar topic only for you Order Now If it is proved that one has murdered, he or she is usually sententenced to life imprisonment. But is this penalty appropriate for such a heinous crime? Should capital punishment be reinstated? Do many people deeply support it? There is a well-known quotation widely used in Mahatma Gandhi‘s policy of non-violence which states: â€Å"An eye for an eye leaves the whole world blind†. If we respond to every single injury, in our society there would be no need for laws and we could all be primitive again. To put one to death in the electic chair to show that murder is wrong is contradiction in policy that confuses criminals and undermines any criminal deterence capital punishment was intended to have. The most recent FBI data clearly demonstrates that countries with the death penalty actually have higher murder rates than those without. Moreover, study after study has found that the capital punishment is much more expensive than live in prison as the process of it is far more complex than for any kind of crime. The largest costs come at trial stages when it is decided whether or not sentence defendant to death. This shows that countries do not need this extreme threat to prevent crime. The anti-death-penalty morality arguments of some Christians are persuasive to many. It is assumed that God commanded â€Å"You should not murder† and that this is a clear instruction with no exceptions. According to Christians, only God should create and destroy our lives. Opponents of capital punishment vemently believe that execute one using an electric chair is the kind of revenge and human judgment that Jesus so often warned against. Therefore, death penalty is incompatible with a teaching which emphasises forgiveness and compassion that are fundamental tenets of Christianity. Futhermore, some Christians argue that in many countries the imposition of the death penalty is biased against the poor. Since Christian teaching is to support the poor, Christians are highly likely to be called the opponents of death penalty. Some people argue that the death penalty may bring a closure to the victim’s family. They would not have to worry that it could happen to another family. However, some families of murder victims are against it on the moral grounds. They deeply believe that death penalty will do the same damage to families like theirs. It is widely assumed that it would be a better punishment if someone would die repenting and trying to make up for crimes. When people have been killed there is no chance of rehabilitation that makes criminals see their mistakes and there is a possibility that these previously dangerous people will turn into productive citizens that contribute to society and help make life better. The system can make tragic mistakes. No reliable data could show how many people have been executed for crimes that they did not commit. Unfortunately, such errors do occur. A film „The Life of David Galeâ€Å" makes overwhelming impression convincingly demonstrating a life of a man who is found guilty of murder and awaits his execution. The entire movie is designed to show what happens when an innocent man is sententenced – his family, marriage, career and reputation are all destroyed. Another movie based on a similar story is „The Green Mileâ€Å". A giant black man convicted of raping and killing two young girls is sentenced to death. While on the death row, we learn that he is innocent but there is no way to stop his inevitable execution. This proves that if in real life the government makes a mistake putting one to death in the electric chair, innocent people can always be released from prison, however, they can never be brought back from death. Capital punishment is immoral and a violation of natural rights. It is wrong for everyone involved: criminals, victims’ families and the prosecuted innocent. It should be replaced by a safer and more inexpensive option. The death penalty does not guarantee safety for innocent victims, it does not effectively deter crime, and it does not usually give closure to victims’ families. Nothing good comes of hate, and nothing good can ever come from capital punishment. How to cite The Argument Against Same-Sex Marriage, Essays

Drug Smuggling Essay Example For Students

Drug Smuggling Essay Drug SmugglingDrug smuggling is on a current up raise and there seems to be no way ofstunting it growth. But here a some ways some states are trying to slow therate of drug smuggling. In Illinois there is a program called Operation Cash Crop or the OCC. This is a combine of the ISP and the DEA. Its goal is to locate places wheremarijuana is grown then destroy all of its gardens. During the span of 1983-88these OCC led to 442 arrest and destroyed over 2 million marijuana plants. Andin 1984 there was 64,300 plants destroyed along. There is also a program called Operation Valkritre or O.V., this programarrested 633 suspected drug smugglers and seized nearly 3,000 Kilograms ofmarijuana and 2,000 kilograms of crack that was being brought into Illinois. More then 3 quarters of these arrest were in 1988 alone. Some of the thing that the government are trying to do to help stop thishorrible thing are sending the army out in the streets to help seize some of thedrugs on the streets, and the government is also putting more money into protectthe boarders from all immigrants bringing illegal drugs into the United Statesof America. There is also a lot of money put into a huge wall/fence going acrossmost of the whole southern boarder line. Along the coast of the east side andthe west side are hundreds of check in places to help stop from letting inillegal drugs. Here is a case about 21 sailors that were arrested for smuggling cocaineand heroin to Italy. They have been doing those on a regular basis because mostnavy trips can go through boarders without being check for illegal drugs. Thesailors were caught with 20 pounds of illegal drugs which had street value ofthousands of dollars. The reason there are not a lot of illegal drugs cominginto the U.S. boarders is cause we have high tech aircrafts and vessels andsurveillance to detect drugs. Some of the places where crack is a problem are where a country does nothave money to support a high tech drug resistance around the borders of therecountry. That is the reason that there is such a huge drug problem in countrieslike Mexico and some of the poorer counties in Russia. Most of the drugs thatseep into American are usually brought into from Mexico. The government is trying to build a more resistant border line to stopall flow of drugs coming into the American boarder line. After the drugs make it into America they go to California and Arizona. Then there are allot of people that will buy the illegal substance. After itstart in California the drug goes to the whole country. The reason there isnot allot of drugs coming in from the east coast is because we have numerouscheck in places where all items on the ship or boat are thoroughly checked tomake sure there are no illegal substances. But on the border line in Mexico there are some places where there areno check in places and that is why more drugs are illegally transported in theUnited States. Some of the ways people can illegally but secretly bring in the drugsare in different forms. Like inside Tums, frozen foods, and in baking sodaboxes. The reason this works is because at the check in posts they dontusually check foods and other everyday things. There are now allot more programs trying to help stop drugs from cominginto the U.S.A. here are some names of these programs, C.I.A., D.E.A., and theC.E.O.s and there is also allot of local drug resistance groups. .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a , .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .postImageUrl , .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a , .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:hover , .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:visited , .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:active { border:0!important; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:active , .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u608bac49504b79452c37633f3b0c167a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Stem Cell Dilemma EssayNow you wonder where all of crack and illegal drugs are made. It allstarts in places like Mexico where drugs can be grown and you dont even get introuble for it. Then they bring it to the U.S. where the poorest person thatbrings the drug in can get what seems to be a large amount of money for theillegal substance, and that is why there are so many illegal drugs in the UnitedStates. Over half of the drugs that make it into America are from places likeColombia in Central America. Some of the techniques that the police attempt to do are going out intothe streets to act like they are people buying drugs. So what they do isapproach a seller then they ask how much for the product and what they aregetting and then they show there badges and make the bust. This is one of thebest techniques there is because there is no way of being detected by the drugdealer, thats why there were over 1,000 arrests in the year nineteen-ninetyfive. After all of the arrest are made you may wonder where all of thesubstances and money end up, well the police intake them to the police stationthe money is used to either purchase new equipment or given to charity. Thedrugs are usually destroyed or taken to a local hospital for medical use. Most drugs are sold and bought in poor suburbs. This location is meantto be an areas where very few police drive through. But the police are startingto catch on. Although there are allot of new high tech ways of locating and stoopingdrug transfers from happening. there still are allot of illegal drugs out on the streets of thisgreatly populated country. There has been a slight uprise of all drug smugglingarrests., which means there are still allot of drugs out there. But the WarAgainst Drugs is still going on and maybe one day in our future these countryreally will be DRUG FREE. Now about the legalization of drugs and what Richard Nixon the presidentin 72 thought when he came into office about the drug problem startin to expandso he thought about legalizin all drugs except heroin. But he didnt and Ithink he did the right thing. The percentage of 12-17 year olds has doubled from 1.6 mil. to 2.9 mil. 1 in three high school seniors now smoke marijuana and 48.4% of the class of1995 has tried it. L.S.D. use has been soaring in the last 25 year it went up 11.7%The rate of cocaine and heroin related hospitalizations reports havewent to 65% since 1990 to 1994. The place most of the drugs have the most problem is in the western partof America properly cause most of the drug comes from the Mexican borders. BibliographyInternet: www.altavista.com21 saliorsillionis preventiondrug title 4DRUG IN AMERICABy robert long1993What next?by frank loinheart1994

Turkey And The European Union - A Unique Case In The Process Of Enlarg

Turkey And The European Union - A Unique Case In The Process Of Enlargement The European Union, formerly known as the European Community until the Treaty of Maastricht in 1992, has undergone massive changes since its inception. The European Community was an institution primarily designed to achieve Franco-German reconciliation, but has since grown to become a powerful economic and political bloc worldwide, with a diverse range of member states and objectives. The project of the European Community changed dramatically after the demise of the USSR, with the establishment of policy favouring the accession of the Central and Eastern European States. Fundamentally, for accession to the EU, this new wave of applicant states had to possess a ?European Identity', be able to maintain a stable Democracy and market economy. At this point, it is interesting to introduce the question of Turkey. Turkish involvement with, and desire to join, the European Union is a long-running episode in the history of post-war Europe. However, it was only this year that the EU attributed ?Applicant State' status to Turkey. The issue of Turkey as possessing a ?European Identity' raises various doubts; due mainly to Turkey's predominantly Muslim population, and it's geopolitical position. The EU insists that various issues require resolution before Turkish accession can take place. Such issues include Turkey's unsatisfactory human rights record, such as the treatment of the Kurdish minority and the undemocratic penal system. The issue of Turkish accession is thus proving to be a unique case in the process of EU enlargement. It is necessary, if Turkish accession to the EU is to take place, for Turkey to be seen as possessing a ?European Identity' . Although it has never been stipulated in any of the agreements formed between Turkey and the European Community, it is vital that the present constituency of the EU regards this as so. It is therefore necessary to look at the strength of Turkey's relations to Europe in recent history. The Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923 from Turkish remnants of the Ottoman Empire, which in turn created the only Muslim State with a secular democracy. The Ottoman Empire was a key player in the ?Concert of Europe', and in the aftermath of World War II, Turkey ? albeit mainly in an attempt to guard itself against an invasion from the USSR ? became eager to anchor itself in various European institutions. Turkey has since built a diverse network of bonds with Europe, and regards these ties as signs of a European Identity. Turkey was included in the post-WWII Marshall Plan, ho lds Association Status in the WEU, is a founder member of the UN, holds NATO membership, and is a member of the Council of Europe. Relations between Turkey and the EU are governed by the Ankara Agreement of 1964; which envisaged the establishment of a Customs Union, and eventual Turkish membership of the Community. This Agreement got off to a shaky start, but since January 1996 there has existed a Customs Union between Turkey and the EU. However, very few citizens of the EU are aware of such ties , so it is necessary for both Turkey and the EU Member States to educate their respective constituencies of the extent to which such mutual ties expand if integration of Turkey into the EU is to take place. Another reason for the lack of faith in Turkey's Europeanness is its geography. Turkey lies at the southeastern periphery of Europe, and is part of both the Asian and European Continents, the major part of which lies in Asia . Its neighbour states include Greece and Bulgaria to the West, Cyprus to the South, as well as Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq and Syria to the East. It is nonetheless situated on all major trade routes, and during the Cold War, Turkey's geopolitical position meant that she played a great role in countering the strategic threat from the East, which as a result strengthened her ties with the USA, and in turn NATO. In spite of Turkey's numerous ties to Europe and the USA, opponents to Turkish accession contend that Turkey's close proximity to other Muslim countries is a security concern. A closer analysis of Turkey's relations with its neighbours

American World War essays

American World War essays Americans fought very had to receive their independence from England. Their determination of self-rule was evident from the very beginning. From early settlement, the colonists gave evidence to this determination. The increase in control of England increased their desire to be treated fairly as English citizens, but England did not give them the feeling of fair treatment. Ever since the beginnings of settlement, England and America had been growing apart. England was still an aristocracy, ruled by men born and bred to a high station in life. The society was one of culture and refinement. Deprived of abundant opportunity at home, the common people accepted a position of dependence rather than independence. But in America, things had gone differently. The society was rather democratic. There were no lords or hereditary officers. The wilderness had attracted men of independent spirit, and the stern conditions of the frontier had bred self-reliance and self-respect. The New World made men enterprising, energetic, and aggressive. The distance between the colonists and England was as equally wide as their political thinking. British statesmen believed that Parliament had complete authority over the colonies. It could make laws for them, tax them and even abolish their elected assemblies. But, patriot leaders in America denied all this. They believed Parliament was bound to respect certain natural rights of man. The colonists did not think Parliament represented them, therefore they did not respect the taxes it imposed. The English leaders, on the other hand, thought members of Parliament looked after the best interests of the whole empire. People all over the world believe that government protects life, liberty, and property. Were it not for government, the world would soon run into all manner of disorders and confusions, (136,Text). The idea that stable and enlightened government could be achieved by ...

Criminal Justice communication 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Criminal Justice communication 4 - Essay Example One should refuse to engage in unnecessary arguments or debates. This method avails time for cooling off so that both parties can approach the conflict with some sobriety. Secondly, another method would entail competition or assertiveness. This method is better applicable where a person knows that they are right or where it is needed to protect against people who take advantage of non-competitive behavior. Thirdly, a person can be accommodative especially where they know they are wrong, and particularly where it is more pertinent to preserve a relationship than the issue at hand or where continued competition would be damaging to a person’s case. To add, a person could compromise or negotiate where both parties would be willing to cede ground, to arrive at a middle position acceptable to all. This will be applicable where a compromise would advance and serve the interests of each party well. Lastly, parties could collaborate when there is effective communication and concerns are too valuable, for example, to compromise or when the problem is common and thus fundamental to merge insights. Communication is paramount to achieve the above strategies. One need to be objective as a failure of objectivity affects communication. Moreover, parties should start from the common ground, that they both agree and share, slowly delving into the conflict. Conflict avoidance is also a strategy to avoid escalation of a conflict. In avoiding, there are no winners or losers. One simply withdraws sidesteps or postpones addressing the conflict. It is critical also when relationships are at stake, to provide time for cooling off or when one is faced with a more pressing issue and, therefore, has no time to deal with this particular one or where more information is needed. Nevertheless, this strategy has the drawback in that critical decisions could be made by default and moreover, postponing the dace may just make matters worse or

Reflect on your learning experiences during the semester Essay - 1

Reflect on your learning experiences during the semester - Essay Example That is why on my first week I am very excited in immersing myself in a university learning setup. However even from the start I had trouble balancing work and university life. My busy schedule in my work had given me very limited time in my studies. From the start I have doubts on whether I can fully absorb what the instructor is teaching. Also, knowing my tendency to jump into any activity without clearly thinking on the possible loopholes and disadvantages in embarking on this undertaking has intensified my fear that I might have wrongfully chosen the course that I enrolled in. I also felt that I might fail to observe and reflect on the inputs that I should have received. Kolb and Fry’s Experiential Learning theory provides a clear strategy on how to fully immerse myself into the lessons that I really want to learn. It is a learning cycle that starts from one’s concrete immersion to the knowledge and skills that I want to learn. After one’s immersion, a person should observe and reflect on the stimuli that he received. This time, his analytical mind should work to pick up the loopholes and the flaws in learning the skills. The holistic mind accumulates these loopholes and mistakes. It will then use these in laying down fresh guidelines in performing things. Practical testing of one’s newly ratified procedures in carrying out things is the last part of the cycle. This will continue to a lifetime upward cycle of personal renewal and development until a person actualizes his fullest potential. I realized in the second week in this course that there are several theories on how an individual learn individually and in an organizational setup. From sensory stimulation, reinforcement theories to experiential and adult learning, numerous learning theories, I have learned in a brief amount of time the explanations done by psychologists that lay down why and

Airports and ground handling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Airports and ground handling - Essay Example Various studies suggest that privately owned firms can realize higher levels of operating efficiency compared to state owned firms (Megginson et al., 2004). In the UK, there are various ownership structures of airports which include complete private ownership, local government ownership and public-private ownership. While there are several airports which are individually owned, there are also many airport operator groups in the UK. The privatisation of the UK airports is not an isolated case since the move has been embraced by other governments globally. For instance, Austria commercialised and privatised the Vienna International Airport; Australia privatised Melbourne or Tullamarine (Baird, 1996) while New Zealand privatised the ports of Wellington and Auckland international airports. Ideally, many governments globally have leased out their airports on a long-term basis to private entities to operate them to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness (Assaf, Gillen, & Barros, 2012). It is also crucial to note that this kind of arrangement has been extended to the management of sea ports and terminals across the world to enhance efficiency by easing congestion in the port facilities. A good example was the privatisation of nine UK ports in 1983 that formed the Associated British Ports (Haarmeyer, &Yorke, 1993). The privatization enabled the ports to increase capital investment, diversify assets and adopt effic ient practices (Haarmeyer, &Yorke, 1993). Thus, it is evident that privatisation of government owned entities is crucial in improving their operational efficiency and effectiveness. It is important, however, to note that privatisation of airports has not taken place in all parts of the UK and the world. Some airports such those in the Islands of Scotland, which are not busy or desirable are usually funded by the state to facilitate the movement of people

Strengths And Weaknesses Of The Ontological Argument

Strengths And Weaknesses Of The Ontological Argument The a priori and analytic argument posed by Anselm states that God must exist solely by definition; it uses the subject of God and predicate of perfection. In Proslogian 2 Anselm defines God as being than which no greater can be conceived  [1]  . Strengths of the Ontological Argument The main strength of Anselms argument is showing that the concept of God is not illogical, though explaining that everyone, even a non-believer must have a concept of God in the mind and because of this have a concept of God existing in reality. By definition, God cannot exist in the mind alone, as no greater can be conceived as something greater could be thought of, namely that same thing existing in both mind and reality. Hence, God must exist in reality by the meaning of the word God. The argument succeeds as it is deductive and clear conclusions can be drawn from it, this leaves the argument with only one answer; God exists. Because of its a priori nature It also offers an actual proof for Gods existence which can be logically debated rather than relying on changeable evidence. Weaknesses of the Ontological Argument The main weakness of Anselms argument is posed by Gaunilo of Marmoutier, a contemporary of Anselm, Gaunilo posed, using reductio ad absurdum, that if the logic of the argument were applied to anything other than God, its conclusion would be unreasonable. The analogy of a perfect island was formulated, and using the same argument as Anselm reasoned that as the perfect island could be thought of, then it also must exist. Though Gainilos perfect island does have flaws itself as it pointed out by Rowe if we follow Anselms reasoning exactly, it does not appear that we can derive an absurdity from the supposition that the island than which none greater is possible does not exist.  [2]  It does highlight the many flaws in Anselms, mainly that something cannot be thought into existence, as Russell states the argument does not, to a modern mind, seem very convincing, but it is easier to feel convinced that it must be fallacious than it is to find out precisely where the fallacy lies.  [3]  Russell draws a clear distinction between existence and essence and argues that the essence of something can be defined but this does not constitute existence. Russell argues that the word exist is used incorrectly in Anselms argument  [4]  . Russell states that to define something is to provide an intention and to add existence would be an extension of that intention, Anselm does provide both as the idea which is said to exist, then that which nothing greater can be conceived must exist, as it is the totality of all ideas. Russell believes that this only constitutes God being the greatest thing one can think of, but does not prove God exists in realily. Anselm responds to this with Proslogian 3, by explaining that something that cannot not exist (necessary existence) is greater than something which could not exist (contingent existence), That God Cannot be Thought Not to Exist  [5]  . This however can be disputed is God is not thought of as a necessity and also as necessary existence can only be applied to God then it is unverifiable. Another weakness in Anselms argument is posed by St Aquinas, as Anselm states God is that which nothing greater can be conceived then to understand God in this way is to be equal to him, which Anselm cannot be, as he is human. Descartes begins his argument from the position that he has certain ideas that have necessary qualities; necessary  [6]  meaning a priori. For example, it is necessary of a triangle that it has three sides and three angles totalling 180 degrees. Because these properties are demonstrably undeniable, he could not have invented such ideas himself. These ideas possess their own undisputable nature which is, regardless of will, perceived clearly and distinctly. Because of this, they must be true. So, if one is able to draw such an idea from ones mind, then whatever one predicates of that thing is truly a predicate of it. Because it is clearly and distinctly recognised that actual existence is a property of God, actual existence is truly of Gods nature. Therefore, Descartes reasons, God exists. This argument only succeeds if existence is regarded as a predicate; Descartes argues that God possesses necessary existence in the same way that a triangle does three sides; this analogy is a main weakness of Descartes argument. It may be easy to understand what it means for a triangle to have three sides, but if the properties of a triangle, such as the number of its sides, then the mental concept of the triangle changes (and becomes a square/rhombus/etc.) it is very difficult to see how existence, or the lack of it, changes the mental concept of God, and so we may be reluctant to say that it is necessary of God. Kant argues that there are differences between something having certain predicates, such as in the case of the triangle, and something existing, in the case of God. Kant argues that the examples given by Descartes are of judgements  [7]  and it is not necessarily true that three sides exist at all. It is only necessarily true that, given a triangle, there are three sides consisting in it. By this understanding, existence is separate from the predicates that determine how a subject is. If Kants view is correct then The Ontological Argument fails, if existence is not a real predicate that is added on to the subject then to deny existence you take away the whole subject. The principle of the Ontological Argument regards this as being as an attribute. The Ontological argument can only succeed using faith in something which cannot be quantified, therefore can only really be used to prove the existence of God by someone who is already a believer, as Barth suggests it can tell what theists believe about God but not whether he exists  [8]  . Because of this the argument ultimately fails, as it claims to be a proof but that proof will never be able to be measured.

George Washington Carver :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  George Washington Carver, most referred to the â€Å"Peanut Man† was born into slavery around 1864 in Diamond, Missouri. His birth date is not known for sure because birth records were not properly kept by the slave owners. As a child, he was very sick and no one ever thought that he would grow to be one of the most distinguished agriculturists in America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unfortunately, George never got to know his parents. His father was killed in an accident and his mother was kidnapped by night raiders. So, George was raised by his owners; Moses and Susan Carver. They treated George and his brother Jim as their own sons. As a child, George had exceptional observational skills and a keen curiosity. His love for nature and animals was beyond his age. Moses and Susan tried very hard to satisfy his needs. But, they realized that he needed to go to a regular school. Since colored children were not allowed in the schools for white children, George had to leave the town and go to Neosho, Missouri to attend school. Later he moved to Fort Scott, Kansas to attend High school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  School was full of hardships and struggle for George. Since he never had enough money to pay his fees, he often had to drop out temporarily to earn and then enroll again. During this period he worked many odd jobs as a housekeeper, cook, gardener, and launder. He did every job with devotion and tried to achieve perfection. Thus he gained recognition everywhere he went. After finishing high school, he applied to Highland University and was accepted until the college later learned that he was black and therefore refused his entrance. Finally, at the age of thirty, Carver was finally accepted to Simpson College in Iowa. After a year there, he left to attend the Iowa Agricultural College where he received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1894, and his Masters Degree in 1896. George was the first black American to graduate from this college.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carver was offered a number of jobs because of his wonderful work ethic, but he accepted the invitation of Booker T. Washington to teach at the Tuskegee Institute, where he accepted a position as an instructor at the Tuskegee Institute of Technology.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At Tuskegee, Carver developed his famous crop rotation method. Nitrate producing legumes like peanuts and sweet potatoes were planted during alternate years. The peanuts and potatoes put nutrients back in the soil that had been taken away when

Management Consultancy Services Essay

Following the Enron case and others, the place and role of professional advisers within corporate governance was thrown into public focus and as a result the professional management bodies across the world revisited their policies on various regulatory mechanisms. The policies formulated by ‘Institute of Management Consultancy’, United Kingdom is taken as a reference in the discussions below. The general principles are summarized. – Self-regulation is best delivered through a modern, professional approach, i.e. through standards backed by disciplinary arrangements that are supported by external validation and a Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical Guidelines that apply to all members. – A framework is required at the organizational and individual level to ensure that clients are able to make an informed decision about their choice of consultancy advice. – A sector-wide definition of management consultancy should be developed that will assist in a number of ways, including the debate around self-regulation, and be sufficiently flexible to accommodate new providers of consultancy. – The sector-wide definition should be â€Å"Management consultancy is the provision to management of objective advice and assistance relating to the strategy, structure, management and operations of an organization in pursuit of its long-term purposes and objectives. Such assistance may include the identification of options with recommendations; the provision of an additional resource and/or the implementation of solutions.† – The definition of a management consultant should be â€Å"Management consultants are those organisations and/or individuals that participate in the process of management consultancy within a framework of appropriate and relevant professional disciplines and ethics designed for the activity of management consultancy.† – The principle of detailed technical regulation of management consultancy should be rejected and that the essential skills of consulting are primarily behavioral, stressing the importance of competences and ethical standards. – Any regulatory regime requires a significant element of independence from the profession in terms of membership and operation. – The option of a regulatory system that provides easily accessible information from clients on the performance of firms and individuals should be considered carefully. – The global nature of consultancy means that the complexities of jurisdiction and applicable law need to be taken into account and the dangers of regulatory systems being used as restraints on trade or for the furtherance of the interests of trade blocs recognized. – The question of the interaction of parallel regulatory systems needs to be explored thoroughly with a wide range of professional and trade bodies. – Management consultancy is immensely competitive. Any self-regulatory regime must not fetter the ability of management consultants to compete for business, with the opportunities for other companies that they may bring. – The Government does not have a formal role in regulating the profession of management consultancy. Its role is to encourage and support stakeholders in management consultancy, including clients and other institutes, to develop a system that protects users and enables the UK profession to compete in a global market. 2. PROFESSIONAL CONSULTANCY ORGANIZATIONS & CHALLENGES â€Å"Traditionally the state has awarded associations of professionals the privilege of self-regulation in return for an assurance that members abide by a set of standards and an ethical code of conduct to ensure protection of the public interest. As increasing levels of education and social awareness give rise to greater expectations†¦ traditional structures, rules and regulations are challenged and justification for privilege is questioned†. The position of trade and professional bodies is also made more complex by the increasing demand from members for such bodies to defend them from these pressures. This representational role has to be balanced carefully against the public protection responsibility. The regulatory function itself is not without its pitfalls. They are cent red on â€Å"†¦ensuring that everyone in the market is covered, how any regulations are to be enforced and also possibly ensuring that restrictive trade practices legislation is not used again st them. All such arrangements are potentially unstable and perhaps are held together predominantly by the fear of more onerous statutory regulation†. But these difficulties are compounded in an international environment. The increasing globalization that result in emergence of a single market mean that â€Å"†¦the developments of rules and regulations concerning two issues – competition amongst professionals and standardization of qualifications – are of particular concern†. But the profession is also global in nature and regulation has also to be seen in against a shifting pattern of international trading and political structures. One driver for change is seen as â€Å"..deregulation and privatization, combined with a gradual shifting of policy-making to the global level†. If regulation is the key, what form should it take? It can be introduced at a number of levels, i.e. the activity (technical regulation); individuals (standards and qualifications); firms (the trade association model) or the profession as a whole (ethics and principles). All of them have their difficulties. Some believe that the accounting profession in the USA had the wrong approach, i.e. â€Å"Based on strict adherence to rules, it inadvertently encouraged innovations of the worst kind; creative accounting†. 3. SHOULD MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY BE REGULATED? There is, equally, the view that regulation is not needed at all. The market will regulate itself. This, of course, ignores that fact that business takes place within a societal framework and the view that the market is the ultimate regulator is, surely, flawed. It is based on the notion, sound in theory but questionable in practice, that the market is a perfect mechanism. Others suggest that the secret lies in the education of the client to make it an informed marketplace. It also has to balanced with the view that, if management consultancy wishes to be seen as professional, â€Å"Professional awareness and behavior come when the early juggling with a little knowledge gives way to skilled application of a generally accepted body of knowledge according to accepted standards of integrity†. It is also the case that the development of partnerships between clients and professional service firms (including investment by the latter in the former) may well limit the willingness of c lients to ‘shop around’. The key question then is what is regulation for. In essence of course it is to ensure that the customers or stakeholders receive the goods and services that they need and that the suppliers claim to provide. In the case of management consultancy this must mean that clients receive the best possible advice to help them in taking their organizations forward. In a market dominated by a few global brands, it is about extending the transparency and extent of choice to enable clients to choose on the basis of expertise, quality of delivery and cost. It is also about balancing the need to extend these principles down from the firm to the individual and the costs of any system. The government view has been that good self-regulation coupled with demanding industry and people standards help companies compete in a global marketplace. When combined with effective self-regulatory systems and where appropriate supporting mechanisms exist to encourage good practice and resolve cross-border disputes, this development will reduce barriers and realize a single market worldwide. 4. STEP 1 IN REGULATAION – WHO ARE MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS? A number of definitions have been developed in recent years. The following is a small selection: Management consultants are used first to provide wider additional expertise than is available within a single organization. Thus a change in production or marketing may require expertise in designing and implementing a new system. Secondly, management consultants are used to provide objective appraisals where it is often easier for the expert outsider to see the broader picture and recognize the long-term requirements. Thirdly, the management consultant may be needed to provide additional assistance where there is a temporary increase in the management workload. This may be to cope with a major change or new development in any area of management responsibility.† The rendering of independent advice and assistance on management issues. This typically includes identifying and investigating problems and/or opportunities, recommending appropriate action and helping to implement those solutions. Management consulting is an independent professional advisory service assisting mangers and organizations in achieving organizational purposes and objectives by solving management and business problems, identifying and seizing new opportunities, enhancing learning and implementing changes. The term â€Å"Management Consultancy† applies when a firm is engaged for a definitive duration to undertake specific enquiries, conduct studies, identify options and make recommendations or give advice of a strategic nature relating to the organization, management and operation of [the organization] for consideration/implementation. These definitions or descriptions have a number of threads in common. They are concerned with management issues of a significant, although not necessarily strategic, importance. Secondly, they are concerned with the role of the expert outsider. Finally, they extend the role of management consultants beyond advice and into implementation. Taking these threads into account the Institute believes that the sector-wide definition should be â€Å"Management consultancy is the provision to management of objective advice and assistance relating to the strategy, structure, management and operations of an organization in pursuit of its long-term purposes and objectives. Such assistance may include the identification of options with recommendations; the provision of an additional resource and/or the implementation of solutions.† Some have raised the issue of whether, if the professional activity is defined, the role of the individual management consultant also needs to be placed within a definitional framework. 5. REGULATION – WIDER ISSUES Conversely, it is likely to be the case that others, even if introduced for the best of reasons, may see any system of regulation, as a restraint of trade. The danger is that the introduction of any self-regulatory system may also require an accompanying increase in bureaucracy and industry overheads and that the perceived failure of any such system may provoke a call for statutory intervention. The potential costs of any regulatory regime, however light its touch, are also of concern when Government does not seem to appreciate the costs, whether financial or opportunity, that may arise. Additional administration for practices and activity by professional bodies require resourcing and, in many cases, it is practitioners who have to bear the burden. The reality is that management consultancy, like every other business, is immensely competitive. Any regulatory proposals must take into account the need for the consulting profession to retain flexibility to adapt to a new global and technology-driven world. While global practices dominate the market, internal consultancies within domestic companies are turning to external – and, hence, foreign – markets, for business and small practices in niche markets are also competing on a global stage. The key is responding to the needs of clients rather than a regulatory regime that will always be behind developments in the marketplace. 6. CODE OF ETHICS – INSTITUTE OF MGMT CONSULTANTS, USA All IMC USA members pledge in writing to abide by the Institute’s Code of Ethics. Their adherence to the Code signifies voluntary assumption of self-discipline. The Code specifies: Clients * Members will serve their clients with integrity, competence, and objectivity, using a professional approach at all times, and placing the best interests of the client above all others. * Members will establish realistic expectations of the benefits and results of their services. * Members will treat all client information that is not public knowledge as confidential, will prevent it from access by unauthorized people, and will not take advantage of proprietary or privileged information, either for use by them, their firm or another client, without the client’s permission. * Members will avoid conflicts of interest, or the appearance of such, and will disclose to a client any circumstances or interests that might influence their judgment and objectivity. * Members will refrain from inviting an employee of an current or previous client to consider alternative employment without prior discussion with the client. Engagements * Members will only accept assignments which they possess the expertise to perform, and will only assign staff with the requisite expertise. * Members will ensure that before accepting any engagement a mutual understanding of the objectives, scope, work plan, and fee arrangements has been established. * Members will offer to withdraw from a consulting engagement when their objectivity or integrity may be impaired. Fees * Members will agree in advance with a client on the basis for fees and expenses, and will charge fees and expenses that are reasonable, legitimate and commensurate with the services delivered and the responsibility accepted. * Members will disclose to their clients in advance any fees or commissions that they receive for equipment, supplies or services they could recommend to their clients. Profession * Members will respect the individual and corporate rights of clients and consulting colleagues, and will not use proprietary information or methodologies without permission. * Members will represent the profession with integrity and professionalism in their relations with their clients, colleagues and the general public. * Members will report violations of this Code to the Institute, and will ensure that other consultants working on behalf of the member abide by this Code. The Institute of Management Consultants USA, Inc. (IMC USA) adopted its first Code of Ethics in 1968. Since that time IMC USA has modified the wording of the Code for additional clarity and relevance to clients. The current Code was approved February 22, 2002. It is consistent with the International Code of Professional Conduct published by the International Council of Management Consulting Institute (ICMCI) of which IMC USA is a founding member. Members who apply for the CMC (Certified Management Consultant) designation must pass a written examination on the application of the IMC USA Code of Ethics to client service. The CMC mark is awarded to consultants who have met high standards of education, experience, competence and professionalism. 7. CODE OF ETHICS – THE GROUND REALITY This paper is based on an Ethics Survey conducted by the Institute of Management Consultants among American business consulting clients of IMC members who are Certified Management Consultants (CMCs). Results * Over-promising expected results and/or benefits (Nearly half of the respondents-46%) * Not serving the best interest of the client (32%) * Under-delivering results vs. commitment (31%) A high percentage of respondents–40%–indicated that they believe professional service firms would lie to protect themselves. Thirty-nine percent (39%) also indicated that they think employees would lie to protect themselves. Counterbalancing this, however, was the expression of 54% of the respondents who indicted that in a difficult situation, they believe employees will behave honorably. Half of the respondents also believe that professional service firms do place a high value on the welfare of the client’s organization. It can therefore be concluded that while business executives believe that both employees and professional service firms do have an interest in the success and welfare of the organization/enterprise, they also feel that both groups would be inclined to act to protect their own interest or enhance their own position-an action which could inevitably be to the detriment of the enterprise. Two additional issues in which professional service firms can be faulted by business executives included: * Allowing the project’s scope to expand/creep. (One-fourth of the respondents indicated this was happening frequently.) * Being imprecise or non-specific when setting expectations. (Only 19% indicated that this happens frequently, yet 68% indicated this occasionally happens.)

Definition of Auxiliary Verb

Definition of Auxiliary Verb A verb that is used with a main verb that follows to help indicate its tense or some other way in which the verb is understood. As such, the auxiliary verb often doesnt have any meaning in itself, only in how it affects the main verb. The auxiliary verb and the main verb together form what is known as a compound verb. Auxiliary verbs are used much more often in English than they are in Spanish ​since Spanish is able to use conjugation to indicate tenses that sometimes are expressed in English with auxiliary verbs. For example, the future tense in English uses the auxiliary verb will as in I will study. But Spanish needs no auxiliary verb in this case, as the future is expressed through a verb ending: estudiarà ©. English also uses the auxiliary verb do to form many questions, as in Do you study? Such an auxiliary isnt needed in Spanish:  ¿Estudias? Two very common English auxiliaries have equivalents in Spanish: In English, forms of to have are combined with the past participle to form the perfect tenses; in Spanish, haber is used. In English, forms of to be are combined with the present participle to form the progressive (or continuous) tenses; in Spanish, forms of estar are used with the gerund. Also Known As Helping verb. The Spanish term is verbo auxiliar. Examples of Auxiliary Verbs Auxiliary verbs are in boldface; note that sometimes an auxiliary is used in one language but not the other. I have bought the medicine. (He comprado los medicamentos.)We are celebrating. (Estamos celebrando.)He does not work. (No trabaja.)I can swim. (Puedo nadar.)I usually drive fast. (Suelo manejar rpido.)

Heart of Algebra Key Strategies for SAT Math

Heart of Algebra Key Strategies for SAT Math SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips On the newly redesigned 2016 SAT, the math section content is divided into four categories by the College Board: Heart of Algebra, Problem Solving and Data Analysis, Passport to Advanced Math, and Additional Topics in Math. Heart of Algebra accounts for the largest part of the SAT math section (33% of the test), so you need to be well prepared for it. In this post, I’ll be discussing this category's content and question types, working through practice problems, and giving tips on how to ace these questions. Heart of Algebra: Overview Content Covered Just as the name would suggest, Heart of Algebra covers algebra content, but what algebra content specifically? These questions cover: Linear Equations System of Equations Absolute Value Graphing Linear Equations Linear Inequalities and Systems of Inequalities I’ll delve into each one of these content areas below. I’ll explain exactly what you need to know in each area, and I’ll walk you through some practice problems. NOTE: All of the practice problems in this article come from a real College Board SAT practice test (Practice Test #1). I’d recommend you don’t read this article until after you’ve taken Practice Test #1 (so I don’t spoil it for you!). If you haven’t taken Practice Test #1, bookmark this article and come back after you’ve completed it. If you’ve already taken Practice Test #1, then read on! Heart of Algebra Question Breakdown As I mentioned at the start of the article, Heart of Algebra makes up 33% of the math section, which works out to 19 questions. There will be eight in section 3 (the non-calculator math test) and in section 4 (the calculator math test). Heart of Algebra questions vary in presentation. Because there are so many, the College Board needed to mix up how they ask you these questions. You’ll see multiple-choice and grid-in Heart of Algebra questions. You may simply be presented with an equation(s) and need to solve or you might be given a real world scenario as a word problem and need to create an equation(s) to find the answer. The SAT math section presents questions in order of difficulty (defined by how long it takes an average student to solve a problem and the percentage of students who answer the question correctly). You will see Heart of Algebra questions throughout the section: the straightforward, â€Å"easy† ones will appear at the beginning of the multiple choice and grid-ins while the more challenging ones that require you to create an equation or equations to solve will appear towards the end. I’ll give examples of each type of question (easy and hard) as we learn about each content area in the next section. We're on the path to conquering algebra! Content Area Breakdowns Linear Equations Linear equation questions can be presented in a couple of ways. The easier linear equation questions will ask you to solve a linear equation that is given to you. The harder linear equation questions will ask you to write a linear equation to represent the given situation. No Calculator Practice Problems This question is one of the simplest, easiest and most direct Heart of Algebra questions that you’ll see. The question just asks you to solve a linear equation without situating it in a real world situation that would require you to make sense of the context as well as the equation. Answer Explanation: Since $k=3$, one can substitute 3 for k in the equation, which gives ${x-1}/{3}=3$. Multiplying both sides of ${x-1}/{3}=3$ by 3 gives $x-1=9$, and if you add 1 to each side, then the result is $x=10$. D is the correct answer. Tip: If you struggled with this question, you could also solve it by plugging in the answer choices for x and seeing which one worked. Plugging in will work but will take you more time than simply solving the equation. If you solve the equation to find x, you can double check your answer by then plugging it in. If you plug in your answer choice for x, and both sides of the equation are equal, you know you have the right answer! The following question is slightly more challenging since it asks you to create a linear equation to represent the real world scenario it presents. Answer Explanation: There are two ways to approach this problem. Approach 1: The total number of messages sent by Armand is equal to his rate of texting (m texts/hour) multiplied by the 5 hours he spent texting: m texts/hour Ãâ€" 5 hours = $5m$ texts. Similarly, the total number of messages sent by Tyrone is equal to his rate of texting (p texts/hour) multiplied by the 4 hours he spent texting: p texts/hour Ãâ€" 4 hours = $4p$ texts. The total number of messages sent by Armand and Tyrone is equal to the sum of the total number of messages sent by Armand and the total number of messages sent by Tyrone: $5m+4p$. C is the correct answer. Approach 2: Pick numbers and plug them in. For example, I'm going to pick numbers and say Armand sends 3 texts per hour and Tyrone sends 10 texts per hour. Based on the given information, if Armand texts for 5 hours, Armand sent (3 texts per hour)(5 hours) texts or 15 texts; if Tyrone texts for 4 hours, Tyrone sent (10 texts per hour)(4 hours) texts or 40 texts. Therefore, the total number of texts sent by Armand and Tyrone is $15+40=55$ texts. Now, I plug in the numbers I chose to the answer choices and see if the number of texts matches 55 texts, so for answer C, $5(3) +4(10)=15+40=55$ texts. Therefore, C is the correct answer. NOTE: for this question, this strategy was slower, but for more complicated questions, this can be a faster and easier approach. Tip: Take these problems one step at a time. Figure out Armand’s total number of text messages, then figure out Tyrone’s total number of text messages, and then, combine them into one expression. Don’t rush to jump to the final answer. You might make a mistake along the way. Systems of Equations System of equations questions will be presented in similar ways as linear equation questions; however, they’re more difficult because you now have to do more steps and/or create a second equation. The easier system of equation questions will ask you to solve for one variable when you’re given two equations with two variables. The harder system of equation questions will require you to write a system of equations to represent the given situation and then solve for one variable using the equations you created. No Calculator Practice Problems This question is arguably the simplest, easiest and most straightforward systems of equation questions that you’ll see. It sets up the equations for you, and simply asks you to solve for x. Answer Explanation: Subtracting the left and right sides of $x+y=−9$ from the corresponding sides of $x+2y =−25$ gives $(x+2y)−(x+y)=−25−(−9)$, which is equivalent to $y=−16$. Substituting $−16$ for $y$ in $x+y=−9$ gives $x+(−16)=−9$, which is equivalent to $x=−9−(−16) =7$. The correct answer is 7. Tip: Plugging in may be a good option if you’re given this question in the multiple-choice (which isn’t the case here). However, you could have also plugged in your answer to double check your work! Here is another fairly straightforward system of equation question, but it is slightly more difficult since you need to provide the answer for both x and y (which creates more potential for error). Answer Explanation: Adding x and 19 to both sides of $2y−x=−19$ gives $x=2y+19$. Then, substituting $2y+19$ for x in $3x+4y=−23$ gives $3(2y + 19)+4y=−23$. This last equation is equivalent to $10y+57=−23$. Solving $10y+57=−23$ gives $y=−8$. Finally, substituting −8 for y in $2y−x=−19$ gives $2(−8)−x=−19$, or $x=3$. Therefore, the solution $(x, y)$ to the given system of equations is $(3, −8)$. Tip: Plugging in would have also been a quick way to solve this one! When asked to solve for both variables in a system of equation question, always try plugging in! The following is a bit more difficult. Even though you’re given the equations, you still need to determine what the question is asking you (which variable you need to solve for) which is slightly more challenging since it asks you the question using a real world scenario. Also, you need to solve it using mental math (since it’s in the no calculator section). Answer Explanation: To determine the price per pound of beef when it was equal to the price per pound of chicken, determine the value of x (the number of weeks after July 1) when the two prices were equal. The prices were equal when $b=c$; that is, when $2.35+0.25x=1.75+0.40x$. This last equation is equivalent to $0.60=0.15x$, and so $x={0.6}/{0.15}=4$. Then to determine $b$, the price per pound of beef, substitute 4 for $x$ in $b=2.35+0.25x$, which gives $b=2.35+0.25(4)=3.35$ dollars per pound. Therefore, D is the correct answer. Tip: Take your time working through each step. It’s easy to make a small mistake and get the wrong answer. Calculator Practice Problem The following is one of the hardest Heart of Algebra questions. Based on the real world scenario that you’re given in the question, you need to create two equations and then solve them. Answer Explanation: To determine the number of salads sold, write and solve a system of two equations. Let $x$ equal the number of salads sold and let $y$ equal the number of drinks sold. Since the number of salads plus the number of drinks sold equals 209, the equation $x+y=209$ must hold. Since each salad cost 6.50, each soda cost 2.00, and the total revenue was 836.50, the equation $6.50x+2.00y=836.50$ must also hold. The equation $x+y=209$ is equivalent to $2x+2y=418$, and subtracting each side of $2x+2y=418$ from the respective side of $6.50x+2.00y=836.50$ gives $4.5x=418.50$. Therefore, the number of salads sold x was $x={418.50}/{4.50}=93$. Therefore, B is the correct answer. Tip: Take these problems one step at a time. Write out the equation for the total number of salads and drinks sold, then figure out the equation for revenue, and then, solve. Don’t rush it or you might make a mistake. Absolute Value There will typically only be one Absolute Value question in the SAT math section. The question is usually pretty easy and straightforward, but it requires you to know the rules of absolute value to answer it correctly.Anything that is an absolute value will be bracketed with absolute value signs which look like this: || For example, $|-4|$ or $|x-1|$ An absolute value is a representation of distance along a number line, forward or backward. This means that whatever is in the absolute value sign will become positive since it represents distance along a number line and it is impossible to have a negative distance. For example, on the above number line, -2 is 2 away from 0. Anything inside of the absolute value becomes positive. This also means that an absolute value equation will always have two solutions. For example, $|x-1|=2$ will have two solutions $x-1=2$ and $x-1=-2$. Then, you solve each separate equation to find the two solutions, $x=3,-1$. When working on absolute value problems, remember that you need to create two separate solutions the positive and the negative as we did above. Calculator Practice Problem Answer Explanation: If the value of $|n−1|+1$ is equal to 0, then $|n−1|+1=0$. Subtracting 1 from both sides of this equation gives $|n−1|=−1$. The expression $|n−1|$ on the left side of the equation is the absolute value of $n−1$, and, as I just mentioned, the absolute value can never be a negative number since it represents distance. Thus, $|n−1|=−1$ has no solution. Therefore, there are no values for n for which the value of $|n−1|+1$ is equal to 0. D is the correct answer. Tip: Remember the rules of absolute value (it’s always positive!). If you remember the rules, you should get the question right! Graphing Linear Equations These questions test your ability to read a graph and interpret it into $y=mx+b$ form. A quick refresher, $y=mx+b$ is the slope-intercept equation of a line, where m represents the slope and b represents the y-intercept. In these questions, you’ll typically be presented with the graph of a line, and you’ll need to determine what the slope and y-intercept are to write the equation of the line. Calculator Practice Problem Answer Explanation: The relationship between h and C is represented by any equation of the given line. The C-intercept of the line is 5. Since the points $(0, 5)$ and $(1, 8)$ lie on the line, the slope of the line is ${8-5}/{1-0}={3}/{1}=3$. Therefore, the relationship between h and C can be represented by $C=3h+5$, the slope-intercept equation of the line. C is the correct answer. Tip: Have the slope-intercept form ($y=mx+b$) and the slope equation $m={y_2-y_1}/{x_2-x_1}$ memorized. Know what each variable in the equations means. If you know all of this, you should be able to ace any graphing linear equation problem that you’re given. Linear Inequalities and Systems of Linear Inequalities These are arguably the most challenging Heart of Algebra questions because many students struggle when variables are combined with inequalities. If you need a quick but in-depth refresher on inequalities, check out our inequalities guide. These questions typically appear towards the end of the multiple-choice and grid-ins in each section. These questions will be presented as straightforward already set up inequalities (you won’t be asked to create inequalities nor will you be presented with a real world scenario using inequalities). Although they’re presented in a straightforward way, these questions are challenging, and it’s easy to make a mistake, so take your time! Calculator Practice Problems Answer Explanation: Subtracting $3x$ and adding 3 to both sides of $3x−5≠¥4x−3$ gives $−2≠¥x$. Therefore, x is a solution to $3x−5≠¥4x−3$ if and only if x is less than or equal to −2 and x is NOT a solution to $3x−5≠¥4x−3$ if and only if x is greater than −2. Of the choices given, only −1 is greater than −2 and, therefore, cannot be a value of x. A is the correct answer. You could also try to answer this by plugging in the answer choices and seeing which one didn't work. If you plug in A into the inequality, you'd get $3(-1)-5≠¥4(-1)−3$. Simplifying the inequality, you'd get -8≠¥-7, which is not true, so A is the correct answer. Tip Remember the rules of inequalities! Take your time working your way through each step so that you don’t make any mistakes. Also, remember to try plugging in the answer choices to find the correct answer! Let's take a look at another example. Answer Explanation: Since (0, 0) is a solution to the system of inequalities, substituting 0 for x and 0 for y in the given system must result in two true inequalities. After this substitution, y −x + a becomes 0 a, and y x + b becomes 0 b. Hence, a is positive, and b is negative. Therefore, a b. Choice A is correct. Tip: Treat this system of inequalities with four variables the same as you’d treat a system of inequalities with two variables. Remember that if (0,0) is a solution that means that when x=0, y=0. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! 4 Key Strategies for Heart of Algebra I've interspersed the strategies for attacking these questions throughout this article in the "tip" sections, but I'll summarize them here now. Strategy #1: Memorize the Rules and Formula You need to know the rules of inequalities, the rules of absolute value, and the formula for the intercept-slope version of a line ($y=mx+b$) to answer those types of algebra questions correctly. Without the rules and formula, these questions are pretty much impossible. If you need more assistance with any of the concepts, check out our in-depth guides to linear equations, systems of equations, absolute value, intercept-slope form, and linear inequalities and systems of inequalities. Strategy #2: Plugging in Answers On the multiple-choice questions, you should always check to see if you can plug in the answer choices to the given equation(s) or inequality to find the correct answer. Sometimes this approach will be much simpler than trying to solve the equation. Even if you find that plugging in answers is slowing you down, you should, at least, consider using it to check your work. Plug in the answer choice that you find and see if it results in a balanced equation or correct inequalities. If it does, you know you have the correct answer! Plug it in! Plug it in! Strategy #3: Plugging in Numbers If plugging in answers isn't a possibility, plugging in numbers is often a possibility such as in question 2 above. When you pick numbers to plug in, in general, I do not recommend using -1, 0, or 1 (as they can result in wrong answers), and make sure to read the question to see what numbers you should pick. For example, in question 2, the numbers represented the number of text messages sent, so you shouldn't use a negative number to represent the number of text messages since it's impossible to send a negative number of text messages. For inequalities this is especially important, often the question will say "the following is true for all $x0$." If that's the case, you can't plug in 0 or -5; you can only plug in numbers greater than 0 since that's the parameter set by the question. Strategy #4: Work One Step At a Time For Heart of Algebra questions, you need to take your time working through each step. These questions can involve 5, 10, 15 steps, and you need to take your time to make sure you don't make a small mistake in step 3 that will result in an incorrect answer. You know your stuff, so don't let small mistakes cost you points! What’s Next? Now that you know what to expect on Heart of Algebra questions make sure you’re prepared for all of the other math topics you'll see on the SAT. All of our math guides will take you through strategies and practice problems for all the topics covered in the math section, from integers to ratios, circles to polygons (and more!). Feeling anxious about test day? Make sure you know exactly what to do and bring to ease your mind and settle your nerves before it's time to take your SAT. Running out of time on the SAT math section? Look no further than our guide to help you beat the clock and maximize your SAT math score. Angling to get a perfect score? Check out our guide to getting a perfect 800, written by a perfect-scorer. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Math strategy guide, you'll love our program. Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 18

Nursing - Assignment Example be more manipulated by the use of formats such as structured surveys, or naturalistic by means of a technique such as ordinary observation (Roth, 2004). In a research that is to be conducted on the observations of patients who are anxious about a potential medical experience, it might be more advisable to use data gathering methods that even define the non-verbal gestures of patients. For example, the researcher may use videography so as to permit patients to freely express themselves as they would in any other circumstances. If methods that include writing exercises are used, researchers could inadvertently limit participants to only having to express themselves through specific methods of expressing themselves. Essentially, the creative data collection methods may not be entirely naturalistic, in themselves, but are meant to symbolize a similar selection of means with which the researchers can manage the statistics that they gather. The point of using creative new data collection techniques is to capture the genuine experiences of each of the

Key Characteriscics for Effective Leadership Essay

Key Characteriscics for Effective Leadership - Essay Example To be effective, a leader must possess certain characteristics that can bring people together and harness the potentials of these people to execute an activity of series of activities successfully. If the leader does not know how to set his or her organization in the right direction, the organization will not be productive and when an organization is not productive, its people will eventually leave (Blanchard et al 2005). A misguided organization may not even survive in a very competitive environment thus, it is very important for a leader to know how to direct its people and stay in the right course. In today’s business environment, every organization needs the right kind of leader to stay alive and productive in a highly competitive environment. Understanding the nature of leadership by identifying the desirable traits of effective leaders is very important. For the purpose of this essay, we will evaluate the different successful leaders in our modern times to identify the characteristics that made them effective leaders in their fields. To go about these tasks, we will take a look at the work of Jack Welch of General Electric Inc, Steve Jobs of Apple Inc and Bill Gates of Microsoft. General Electric Inc is one of the top companies worldwide and its journey towards the top has been the lifework of its former Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Jack Welch. On the other hand, Apple Inc and Microsoft have both revolutionized the world of computers and gadgets in the past decades. In order for a company to move forward and in the right direction, it needs to attract the right kind of leaders to run its affairs. According to Drucker (1967), characteristics of leaders may differ but they always get the right things done and in doing their jobs, these people also utilize their time effectively, organize their tasks according to priorities, focus on the contribution of

It is over 100 years since The Principles of Scientific Management was Essay

It is over 100 years since The Principles of Scientific Management was first published. How relevant are Taylor's ideas for un - Essay Example This paper will look at the scientific management theory 100 year later and the influence that it has on understanding work organizations in the present day. Scientific management theory is part of the wider aspect of economic efficiency that was recurring theme in the late 19th century and early 20th century aimed at increasing efficiency in the way humanity carried out its activities, decreasing waste from processes and using empirical methods to make decisions rather than accepting pre existing ways of doing things (Rowlinson, 1988, p378). In political and sociological terms, scientific management can be seen as division of labour that has been done logically with its consequences being deskilling of the worker and dehumanisation of the workers and the workplace (Peci, 2009, p294). In his work, Taylor noted that some workers were more talented than others and even the best of the workers in most cases remained unmotivated, he also noted that most of the workers who were coerced to perform repetitive tasks usually worked at a slow rate, he called this behaviour ‘soldering (Jones, 2000, p640). When given a similar pay, Taylor found out that the employees were likely to do the equal quantity of work as the laziest of them all. This behaviour showed that all workers were interested in their own self benefit and they were not willing to work harder if they were not guaranteed of an additional income. Taylor concluded that they way organizations had been set in relation to work ethics was such that it encouraged inefficiency among the workers. From this observation, Taylor posited that time and motion studies combined with rational analysis and synthesis could provide one of the nest methods to perform any particular task, which could not be done by the methods that were present during that particular time. Taylor argued that the amount of compensation that was given to the employees would only equal the amount of work that the employee was willing to perfor m. The scientific management theory started at a time when automation and mechanisation existed but they were not fully applied in the production process. This is was attributable to the fact that in those days’ people did not have any idea that the scientific management process was the required ingredient that would see the shift of production as being done only by humans to production that would be supported by machines. In his scientific management theory, Taylor had a complicated view on workers. At one time, he addressed some of their concerns in terms of the remuneration that they got as a result of their works, while at another time, he compared them, especially the less intelligent ones with draft animals (Ackroyd & Bolton, 1999, 372). However, with in relation to workers, Taylor’s scientific management theory had a few shortcomings. One is that the theory did not acknowledge individual differences among the workers in the sense that the most efficient way of w orking for one worker, may be the most inefficient for another worker. Secondly, the financial interests between the workers and the management are different therefore, the measurement process and the retraining of workers did not usually get support from the workers. Taylor argued that all tasks that an employee was assigned could be organised in such a way that the productivity of the worker would increase and that his scientific theory of management was more effective than the usual ‘

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Growing up, children are often told things that grown ups would question, as people grow they learn to question those things too. In the book The Adventures of Hucklberry Finn written by Mark Twain. Huck faces the challenge of either following what everyone is telling him is right, but he knows is wrong, or going against the grain and standing up for what he knows is right. Throughout the book Huck is unsure in what he believes and struggles to determine if what he is taught is wrong. The widow took over the role as guardian for Huck since his father and mother are both out of the picture. When Huck was being raised by his father he wasnt taught any morals or values, so the widow took this as an opportunity to make Huck into a person whose life was all about morals. In the book the widow tells Huck that hell is bad and that heaven is good, but Huck is unsure that he should believe everything that she is telling him. Huck decides that going to hell, if it means following his gut and not societys hypocritical and cruel principles, is a better option than going to everyone elses heaven. â€Å"All right then, I’ll go to hell! (245). † This is Hucks true break with the world around him. Huck faces the moral conflict of whether or not to turn Jim in because it is what society dubbed as the right thing to do. â€Å"I was paddling off, all in a sweat to tell on him; but when he says this, it seemed to kind of take the tuck all out of me (89). † Right off from the beginning, Huck wanted to turn Jim in because it was against society’s rules to help a slave escape and Huck knew it. But when Jim said that, â€Å"Huck; yous de bes fren Jims ever had; en you is de only fren; ole Jims got now (89). † helped Huck to grasp the concept that there is a friendship in the making. Even though Huck didn’t turn Jim in, he is till troubled by his conscience when the slave catchers were leaving because he knows it is wrong to help a slave. Still Huck cannot bring himself forward to tell on Jim, thus showing that his innate sense of right exceeds that of society. The con-mens attempt to pose as the brothers of the late Peter Wilks is an important part of Hucks moral development. The Duke and King try to take Peters estate, however, Huck decides to return the money to Peters three daughters. This action demonstrates further moral growth, as he does choose to abandon the two con-men. Huck learned that people can be nice and show each other that they care about one another. Women would walk up to Peters daughters and kiss their foreheads, and then put their hand on theirhead, and looked up towards the sky, with the tears running down, and then busted out and went off sobbing and swabbing, and give the next woman a show (159). Huck has never seen anything so disgusting. When Huck Finn sees one of the daughters crying beside the coffin, it makes a deep impact on him. Hucks religious beliefs and moral standards cross pathes as he handles the situation. When Huck says, All right then, Ill go to hell! (245). He has decided to go against what society tells him to do by freeing Jim. Throughout the entire book Huck struggles with separating his own moral beliefs and what society tells him is the right thing to do. From the beginning of the book Huck showed that he did not always believe what people told and went against the grain when he said he wanted to go to hell instead of heaven. The moral development that Huck shows throughout the book causes Huck to develop other traits as well, such as compassion and sincerity towards others. Huck really came out of his shell and fully developed his moral beliefs when he gave the money back that the con-men stole to the three girls. It allowed Huck to get in touch with his emotional side of his moral beliefs and it told him what th right thing to do was.

An Analysis of Class and Gender Conflict in Pygmalion Essay -- World L

"Pygmalion is a serious analysis of class and gender conflict." Bernard Shaw's play, entitled Pygmalion, transcends the nature of drama as a medium to be utilized for sheer entertainment value. Shaw's play powerfully comments on the capacity for the individual to overcome the boundaries established by systems of class and gender. Dominant assumptions and expectations may essentially prevent an individual from becoming socially mobile within a seemingly rigid hierarchical social structure. However, Liza, the protagonist utilizes language as the tool which enables the her to escape the confines of the lower class and to be regarded as a human of a certain degree of worth within society. As Liza transforms from flower girl to duchess, the audience is witness to the many ways that an individual can be dehumanised through the socialisation process. Issues of both class and gender arise from the tensions within the play that surround the interactions between Higgins and Liza and the viewer is able to openly question the values that exist within a soci ety that judges the character of a person on the basis of wealth and education. Henry Higgins represents the upper class of society, those that are expected to be both educated and wealthy. He is profoundly aware of his status and is not particularly sympathetic towards those of the lower class. This is revealed as he is first introduced to Liza and refers to her as a 'squashed cabbage leaf.' (Shaw, 2003:18) This first scene is important as it establishes the class differences that are evident within the language contrasts of each of the characters. Higgins plays an important role in establishing this theme as he places great emphasis on phonetics. He has the ability to place an i... ...e society of Shaw's time and of contemporary society. Liza is an independent woman at the closing of the play, when one takes into consideration that she possesses an assertive sense of free will and a determination to maintain her strength of character. Ultimately, Liza's insistence on remaining true to herself is a positive ramification of a transformation process, that in itself presented many moral questions to the perceptive audience. The protagonist has confronted the obstacles imposed on her by social conventions, with regards to both gender and class stereotypes, and has essentially deconstructed the boundaries that had previously prevented her from fulfilling her own capabilities and sense of self worth. Bibliography Bentley, E. Bernard Shaw, 2nd edn. London: Methuen, 1967. Shaw, B. Pygmalion, London: Penguin Books, 2003.